Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research

According to the Israeli officials, later backed up by American intelligence officials, the Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research, (Persian: سازمان پژوهش‌های نوین دفاعی‎) also known as the Sazman-e Pazhouheshhaye Novin-e Defa’i or S.P.N.D. (سازمان سپند), is an Iranian government-funded organization tasked with the research and development of nuclear weapons.[1] Established in 2011 by Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, it is viewed as a direct successor to the AMAD Project.[2][3][4]

Not to be confused with Self Powered Neutron Detector (SPND).

Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research (SPND) is a subsidiary organization of Iran's Ministry of Defence.[5]

The Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research has been sanctioned by the United States Department of State and United States Department of the Treasury.[6][7] On November 26, 2020, Mohsen Fakhrizadeh was assassinated outside Tehran.[8]

References
  1. "Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, head of Iran nuclear program, assassinated". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  2. "Iran's New Centers To Continue Nuclear Activities". NCRI. 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  3. "Additional Sanctions Imposed by the Department of State Targeting Iranian Proliferators". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  4. Fassihi, Farnaz; Bergman, Ronen; Sanger, David E.; Schmitt, Eric (2020-11-27). "Live Updates: Iran's Top Nuclear Scientist Killed in Attack, State Media Say". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  5. "Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research". Iran Watch. 2020-12-01. Retrieved 2020-12-01.
  6. Brunnstrom, Lesley Wroughton, David (2019-03-22). "U.S. sanctions Iran's nuclear research unit, urges Tehran to negotiate". Reuters. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  7. "U.S. Government Sanctions Organizations and Individuals in Connection with an Iranian Defense Entity Linked to Iran's Previous Nuclear Weapons Effort | U.S. Department of the Treasury". home.treasury.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
  8. "Iranian nuclear scientist gunned down, news agency reports". Los Angeles Times. 2020-11-27. Retrieved 2020-11-27.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.